The Valmiki is the only Tiger Reserve in the State of Bihar covering 840 km2. For management purposes the forest is divided into two broad divisions, which is further divided into six ranges. The core area of the forest and the Valley of Don lies in Division Two, within the Harnatand Range.

In the Indo-Gangetic and Brahmaputra plains, ground water potential is very high and such areas can support large scale development. In peninsular India and hilly states, however, groundwater potential is relatively much lower.

The advancements in digital technologies have now made it possible to use diverse spatial databases in an integrated manner. The responsibility for producing, maintaining and disseminating the topographic map database of the whole country, which is the foundation of all spatial data vests with the Survey of India (SoI).

Bamboo grows wild in at least 30 percent of Mizoram's total geographical area of 21,081 square kilometers. The plant is of two types, ‘mau’ and ‘thing’ -Melocanna bamboo Soidef and Bambusa tulda classified by European botanists. ....

With indiscriminate use of land and unplanned development, the physical environment and heritage sites are facing degradation. Environment today stand directly opposed to the very process of developmental work.

As a part of environmental management programme, the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB), New Delhi, has identified 24 problem areas in the country where environmental pollution is critical.

Anyone who has walked over slippery rocks along limped pools will be aware of group of organisms known as algae. Algae are simplest photosynthetic plants dwelling in water.